Credit Lines in Magazines, Books, Films, etc.:

Footnotes and Bibliographical References

Listed below are recommended citations for various kinds of material contained in the Archives. The Archives will be happy to receive copies of articles, dissertations, books, or other works which are based, in whole or in part, on the Archives' collections.

Footnotes:

Citation begins with the particular item in the collection. A citation to a letter gives the names (often only the last names) of sender and recipient followed by the date of the letter. The word "Letter" is usually unnecessary but other forms of communication are specified. Then comes item number (Pl, S8, V3, etc.) or folder and box number and collection nubmer, the name of the collection, and the repository.

When a particular document, collection, or repository is used several times, give the title in full the first time and then give an abbreviation that will be used in the rest of the footnotes.
Examples:

• Henry Frost to James Hudson Taylor, March 8, 1901 (hereafter cited as Frost letter). Folder 11, Box 5, Collection 215, Records of Overseas Missionary Fellowship. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
• Frost letter.
  
• Memo from Richard Ostling to Harold Lindsell, August 9, 1974. Folder 9, Box 18, Collection 8, Records of Christianity Today (hereafter cited as CT Records). Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
• C. S. Lewis to Carl Henry, May 5, 1962. Folder 4, Box 13, CT Records.
  
• Interview with Robert Carlson, February 8, 1982. Tape T2, Collection 208, Papers of Robert Carlson. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
• Diary of Helen Quiche, May 7, 1943. Folder 18, Box 9, Collection 81, Records of the American Home Council of Africa Inland Mission.
  

Note: A title of a manuscript in a collection is given in quotation marks ("Causes of the Recent Boxer Uprising in China") but not descriptive designations such as Tape or Report or Memo, etc. When in doubt, omit quotation marks.

A. Letters

• Letter from John Doe to Richard Doe, December 8, 1963. Folder 3. Box 1, Collection 8, Records of Christianity Today. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  

• John Doe, Untitled Memorandum, October 16, 1923. Folder 18, Box 6, Collection 47, Papers of Melvin Ernest Trotter. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  

• Interview of Paul Votaw, March 5, 1980. Tape T2, Collection 107, Interview with Paul Votaw. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  
• "Letters from Africa" Radio Program, June 2, 1953. Tape T83, Collection 81, Records of the American Home Council of the Africa Inland Mission. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  

• They Called Him Billy Sunday, Grace Films, 1963. Film F7, Collection 29, Ephemera of William Ashley Sunday. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.

• The Hour of Decision Television Program, July 4, 1957. Film F26, Collection 54, Records of Walter F. Bennett and Company. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  
• March of Time, Newsreel, June 1937, Film Fl4, Collection 103, Ephemera of Aimee Semple McPherson. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  
• "Billy Graham in Music City USA" Television Program, World Wide Pictures. August 1980. Video V10, Collection 74, Ephemera of William Franklin Graham. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  

• Scrapbook, "Boston Crusade" p. 14. The Boston Globe, January 6, 1950, p. 9, col. 3. Accession 76-41. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  

• Kenya Field Council of the Africa Inland Mission, Minutes of the Meeting of the Executive Committee, Meeting of April 4, 1907. Folder 8, Box 16, Collection 81, Records of the American Home Council of the Africa Inland Mission. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  

• Diary of E. L. Davis, April 6, 1923. Folder 4 Box 1, Collection 452, Papers of Elwood Linnell Davis. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  

• H. Dixon to G. B. Farthing, 27 June, 1892. China Missionaries' Journals and Correspondence, Baptist Missionary Society, London, Great Britain. (Microfilm in the Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.)
  
  

• Microfilm, Hymn Manuscript, "I Go On My Way Rejoicing," n.d. Folder 15, Box 2, Reel 3, Collection 35, Papers of Fanny Crosby. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  

• From Dean Clark to Lucian Farnam , 15 July 1998, Subject: "The Incoming Freshman Class, Bigtime University." Folder 9, Box 6, Collection 732, Papers of Solomon Jones. Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois.
  
  
  

Full identification of most unpublished material usually requires the name of the collection and the name of the depository. Except for placing the cited item first in a note, there is, no general agreement on the sequence of the remaining elements in the citation. Whatever sequence is adopted, however, should be used consistently throughout the same work.

There are two principal sequences one might follow in listing manuscript collections in a bibliography. One begins with the particular--the name of the author of the manuscripts or the title of the item being cited--and ends with the depository and, where desirable, its location. This sequence is the most feasible for all collections of correspondence and other personal papers named for an individual or a group. Thus, when a letter or telegram or diary entry or other specific reference is cited in the text or in a note, the reader will easily locate the collection from which it came in the bibliography or reference list.

The second possible sequence begins with the depository (or its location) and ends with the collection or item being cited. This sequence is useful when a number of collections from the same depository are cited and it is desirable to list them together in the bibliography or when a text reference is more easily or economically made to a depository than to an individual item in it.

Individual items cited from a collection, such as specific letters or diary entries, are mentioned in the text or in a footnote. If only one item from a collection has been cited, it may be listed under its own author or title in the bibliography. Titles of collections and descriptive designations such as Diary or Correspondence or Records are usually capitalized in a bibliography listing but not given in quotation marks.

A. Processed Collections

Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois, Collection 81, Records of the American Home Council of the Africa Inland Mission.

Archives of the Billy Graham Center, Wheaton, Illinois, Accession 81-60, Papers of Eugene Bertermann (not processed).

To use an Archives Web page (whether a guide or exhibit or other page) as a general resource, the following [with generic components identified in parentheses] is suggested format for a bibliographic entry:

Archives of the Billy Graham Center (author). 2002 (date of publication). Guide to the Papers of Philip Edward Armstrong - Collection 572 (title as it appears on the Web page) [online]. Retrieved August 2, 2002 (date accessed), from Wheaton College, Archives of the Billy Graham Center (Web site host organization) Web site: http://www.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/guides/572.htm (URL in angle brackets)

Bibliographic entries for a specific part of a source in an Archives online resource can be further expanded in the citation as follows:

Guide to the Papers of Philip Edward Armstrong - Collection 572, 2002, Biography.

For further information on citation, please consult:

• Barzun, Jacques and Henry F. Graff. The Modern Researcher. 4th Edition. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, c1985.
  
• Turabian, Kate L. A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, And Dissertations. Revised by John Grossman and Alice Bennett. 6th Edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.
  
• University of Chicago. The Chicago Manual of Style. 14th Edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.
  

For further guidance in citing Internet sources such as an Archives guide or sample documents, see suggestions according to:

• Online! A Reference Guide to Using Internet Sources, 2001 Update for information on MLA, APA, Chicago Manual of Style, CBE and other styles
• Chicago Manual of Style's FAQ page. Also see Chicago Manual of Style as practiced by Ohio State University libraries.
• American Psychological Association

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Last Revised: 1/24/03
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